DNA Splicing
DNA splicing is when a section of genes or DNA, are removed from an organism and supplemented into another. The DNA is cut using a specialized chemicals called restriction enzymes, there are thousands of these. Each restriction enzyme has a unique and specific code of, DNA, that it is able to cut out. When the genes are combined, they make something called Recombination DNA. By unwinding an re-winding double helix's, natural gene splicing to occur again, and again.
Gene Splicing is a post transcriptional modification in which a single DNA can be coded for multiple proteins. DNA splicing is done is eukaryotes, prior to mRNA translation, by the differential inclusion or exclusion of regions of pre-mRNA. DNA splicing is an important source of protien diversity. During a typical DNA splicing event, the pre-mRNA transcribed from one gene can lead to diffrent mature mRNA molecules that generate multiple funtional proteins. Thus, DNA splicing enables a single gene to increase is coding capacity, allowing the synthesis of protein isoforms that are structurally and functionally distinct. DNA splicing is observed in high proportion of genes. In human cells, about 40-60% of the genes are known to exhabit alternative splicing. There are several types of common DNA splicing events. THese are the events that can simultaneously occur in the genes after thee mRNA is formed from the transcription step of the central godma of molecular biology.
Exon
This is the most common known gene splicing mechanism in which exons are included from the final gene transcript leading the extended or shortened mRNA variants. The exons are the coding regions of a gene and are responsible for producing proteins that are utilized in various cell types for a number of functions.
Intron Retention
An event in which an intron is retained in the final transcript. In humans 2-5% of the genes have been reported to retain introns. The gene splicing mechenism retains the non-coding portions of the gene and leads to a demornity in the protein structure and functionality.
Alternative 3' Splice site and 5' splice site
Alternative gene splicing includes joining of diffrent 5' and 3' splice site. In this kind of gene splicing, two or morealternative 5' splice site complete for joining to two or more alternate 3' splice site.